There are so many types of disinfectants. How to safely kill coronavirus? The New Crown Virus has ravaged China for nearly two months, and the Wuhan War Epidemic has reached a critical moment. From the announcement of the closure of Wuhan on January 24, all provinces across the country have adopted major public health emergencies as the first-level response to date. It spread rapidly among all kinds of media, and people have attached unprecedented importance to personal sanitation and environmental disinfection, so that alcohol and 84 disinfectants in major stores are frequently out of stock, and all kinds of disinfectants online and offline are sold out instantly. However, irregular use of disinfectants has also occurred from time to time. On February 19, the General Office of the National Health and Health Commission issued guidelines on the use of disinfectants for scientific guidance to the public on the proper use of disinfectants, mainly some conventional odorous disinfectants , The introduction is relatively simple.

1. Improper use of disinfectant, safety risks increase sharply

2. 75% of the alcohol can penetrate into the inside of the bacteria, so that the protein of the bacteria is solidified, and the viral protein can also be denatured. Long-term use of alcohol for disinfection and hand washing has potential irritant side effects on the skin. It can dissolve the phospholipids in human skin cell membranes, which can cause damage to the skin and hair follicle cells, causing hair loss, skin atrophy, and vasodilation. The safety requirements for alcohol storage are also relatively high, flammable, and must be kept away from fire sources, which poses a greater safety risk.

3. Chlorine disinfectants refer to disinfectants that dissolve in water to produce hypochlorous acid. Hypochlorous acid has a small molecular weight, and it easily spreads to the surface of bacteria and viruses and penetrates the bacterial cell membrane to act as a bacterial protein, or directly inactivates the viral protein by oxidative degeneration. As a strong oxidant, it is biocidal to various organisms and corrosive to metals. It cannot be stored and transported together with reducing substances, and it must be kept away from fire sources. 84 can not be mixed with hydrochloric acid cleaning agents such as Jielingling. The two reactions will quickly produce chlorine gas. The harm of chlorine gas to human respiratory tract is well known. 3000mg / l cubic meter of chlorine gas causes death.

5. Peroxide disinfectants have strong oxidizing power and can inactivate various microorganisms and viruses. Such disinfectants include hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, chlorine dioxide, and ozone. Their advantage is that they do not leave residual toxicity on items after disinfection. Among them, chlorine dioxide is considered to be an environmentally friendly disinfectant. Low concentration chlorine dioxide can even clean fruits, vegetables and drinking water. However, due to its strong oxidizing ability, chlorine dioxide can react violently with many substances. Metals are corrosive, so they should not be mixed with other disinfectants, alkalis or organic substances. Liquid chlorine dioxide is very unstable when exposed to light and heat, and the safety requirements of the production process and transportation process are relatively high. Wear gloves when using, avoid using strong oxidizing disinfectant in high concentration and large dose, contact with skin and inhaling respiratory tract. Civil chlorine dioxide is now mostly prepared as solid effervescent tablets for use, the concentration should not be too high, suitable for less than 100mg / L.

6. Aldehyde disinfectants include formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. They are active alkylating agents, acting on amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and thiol groups in microbial proteins, thereby destroying protein molecules, and have a strong killing effect on fungi, bacteria and viruses, even used to kill insects and algae , But this type of disinfectant is very irritating to the skin and respiratory mucosa.

7. Phenolic disinfectants include phenol, cresol, hexachlorophenol and phenol derivatives, which can cause bacterial and viral proteins to aggregate and precipitate. Commonly used is dew, the main component is p-chloro-m-cresol. There is also Lesur, whose main component is methylphenol. Hexachlorophenol is halogenated to enhance the bactericidal and virus-killing effect. Phenolic disinfectants are irritating and corrosive to the mouth, throat, and stomach. They are not easily decomposed and tend to remain. They are gradually withdrawn from the field of medical disinfection.

8. The above categories are currently widely used disinfectants, and the company's production capacity is also constantly increasing. Fog guns and sprinklers are spraying all aspects of disinfectant in public areas and densely populated areas of various cities. However, after seeing the news reports of the past few days, what I am worried about still happened: On the 20th, according to the announcement of Wuhan Municipal Water Affairs Bureau, Wuhan fully carried out the elimination of drainage facilities and sewage treatment facilities. As of February 18, the city has accumulated 6520 person-times were dispatched, and a total of 1963.58 tons of disinfectant was put in, which is self-evident to the environmental safety. Disinfection caused other problems. Chongqing Municipal Forestry Bureau said that during the epidemic prevention and control period, Chongqing has reported many cases of abnormal deaths of wild animals caused by the abuse of disinfectant drugs. The dead were blackbirds, white-headed bulbuls, gray-breasted bamboo chickens, wild boars, Weasel, etc.

Two types of environmentally friendly disinfectants that can kill coronavirus：

1. Quaternary ammonium disinfectant

2. Guanidine disinfectant